Cui Xiang (Henan Provincial Academy of Development Strategy and Industrial Innovation, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000) Abstract: In public institutions, the implementation of various activities is inseparable from financial budgets, and the budget execution rate is an indicator used to measure the effectiveness of financial fund utilization, impacting the performance of public service functions. In the new era, public institutions place greater emphasis on the rational use of financial funds, necessitating continuous improvement in budget execution rates. While ensuring the smooth progress of projects, it is essential to prevent the phenomenon of fund wastage. Based on this, this paper elaborates on the significance and requirements of financial budget execution management in public institutions. It analyzes the main factors affecting the budget execution rate of public institutions and proposes that institutions need to standardize budget preparation and management, emphasize the timing of budget allocation and project cycle control, appropriately control budget amounts, and strengthen internal management and supervision assessments. The aim is to effectively enhance the budget execution rate of public institutions, ensure the efficient utilization of financial funds, and thereby promote the healthy development of public institutions. Keywords: Public Institutions; Financial Budget; Execution Efficiency